E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia

Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Trevis.
leathery grape fern
Ophioglossaceae (Adder's-tongue family)

Introduction to Vascular Plants

Distribution of Botrychium multifidum
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Species Information

Click on the image below to view an expanded illustration for this species.

Illustration Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

General:
Evergreen perennial, 7-30 cm tall.

Sporophores:
2- to 3-pinnate, 1.2-2 times length of trophophores.

Trophophores:
Broadly triangular, stalks 2-15 cm long, wintergreen, thick, leathery, smooth, ternate and 3- to 4-pinnate, up to 25-35 cm long and about as wide; pinnae to 10 pairs, all in the plane of the blade; pinnules lopsided egg-shaped, rounded with entire margins.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

Habitat / Range

Moist to wet meadows, grassy clearings, lake margins, riverbanks, alluvial forests in the lowland and montane zones; frequent south of 55degreeN; circumpolar, N to AK, E to NF and S to MA, NY, WV, OH, IL, IA, SD, CO, AZ and CA; Eurasia.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

Ecology

Ecological Framework for Botrychium multifidum

The table below shows the species-specific information calculated from
original data (BEC database) provided by the BC Ministry of Forests and Range.
(Updated August, 2013)

Site Information	Value / Class
Site Information	Minimum	Average	Maximum
Elevation (metres)	60	746	1798
Slope Gradient (%)	0	10	65
Aspect (degrees) [0 - N; 90 - E; 180 - S; 270 - W]	70	143	360
Soil Moisture Regime (SMR) [0 - very xeric; 4 - mesic; 8 - hydric]	0	5	7
Modal Nutrient Regime Class	D
Number of field plots species was recorded in:	29
Modal BEC Zone Class	CWH
All BEC Zones (# of stations/zone) species was recorded in:	CDF(1), CWH(10), ESSF(5), ICH(6), IDF(2), MH(2), SBS(1)
Source: Klinkenberg 2020

Climate

The climate type for this species, as reported in the: "British Columbia plant species codes and selected attributes. Version 6 Database" (Meidinger et al. 2008), is not evaluated, unknown or variable.

Status Information

Origin Status	Provincial Status	BC List (Red Blue List)	COSEWIC
Unlisted	Unlisted	Unlisted	Unlisted

BC Ministry of Environment: BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer, the authoritative source for conservation information in British Columbia.

Synonyms and Alternate Names

Botrychium californicum Underw.
Botrychium coulteri Underw.
Botrychium matricariae (Schrank) Spreng.
Botrychium multifidum subsp. californicum (Underw.) R.T. Clausen
Botrychium multifidum subsp. coulteri (Underw.) R.T. Clausen
Botrychium multifidum subsp. silaifolium (C. Presl) R.T. Clausen
Botrychium multifidum var. californicum (Underw.) Broun
Botrychium multifidum var. coulteri (Underw.) Broun
Botrychium multifidum var. intermedium (D.C. Eaton) Farw.
Botrychium multifidum var. multifidum
Botrychium multifidum var. silaifolium (C. Presl) Broun
Botrychium occidentale
Botrychium silaifolium C. Presl
Botrychium silaifolium var. coulteri (Underw.) Jeps.
Botrychium ternatum var. intermedium
Sceptridium multifidum

Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Links

Flora North America treatment for Ophioglossaceae
Flora North America treatment for Botrychium multifidum
Genetic information (NCBI Taxonomy Database)
International Plant Names Index
Taxonomic Information from the World Flora Online
Integrated Taxonomic Information System

Additional Range and Status Information Links

Burke Museum of Natural History (Washington State records)
CalFlora
Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria records
Jepson Interchange
NatureServe Explorer
USDA

Additional Photo Sources

Images From CalPhoto
UT Austin's Native Plant Database
Google Image Search
Flickr Image Search

General References

Google Scholar Search
Family References
General Botanical References for BC

Recommended citation: Author, Date. Page title. In Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 2021-04-13 6:38:40 AM ]

Disclaimer: The information contained in the E-Flora atlas pages is derived from expert sources as cited in each section. This information is scientifically based. E-Flora also acts as a portal to other sites via deep links. As always, users should refer to the original sources for complete information. E-Flora BC is not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of the original information.