E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia
Solanum dulcamara L.
climbing nightshade; European bittersweet
Solanaceae

© Brian Klinkenberg (Photo ID #313)




 		You should confirm the location of all records by contacting the data source.
Distribution of Solanum dulcamara in British Columbia.

(Please note that these maps show a summary of all available distribution data, and that not all data is vetted. Visit our About the Data page to learn about our data sources, and visit our interactive maps for more insight.)


The interactive maps allow you to add information layers to the map, and also allow you to access collection data.

Click on the image below to view an expanded illustration for this species. If more than one illustration is available for a species (e.g., separate illustrations were provided for two subspecies) then links to the separate images will be provided below.



Illustration Source: The Illustrated Flora of BC.
SPECIES INFORMATION
General:
  Perennial vine from a rhizome; stems shrubby below, 0.1-3 m long.
Leaves:
Basal leaves lacking; stem leaves widely egg-shaped, sometimes with basal lobes, heart-shaped at the base, 2.5-8 cm long, 1.5-5 cm wide.
Flowers:
Inflorescence of terminal, umbrella-shaped clusters of flowers on stalks 1.5-4 cm long; corollas blue or violet, lobed, the lobes 5-9 mm long but soon bent back; calyces 3-4 mm long; anthers yellow.
Fruits:
Berries, globe- to egg-shaped, bright red, 8-11 mm wide; seeds 2-3 mm long.

Source:  The Illustrated Flora of BC
ECOLOGY
Ecological Framework for Solanum dulcamara

The table below shows the species-specific information calculated from
original data (BEC database) provided by the BC Ministry of Forests and Range.
(Updated August, 2008)

Site Information
 Value / Class

Average

Minimum

Maximum
Elevation (metres)
 457 70 650
Slope Gradient (%)
 1.2 0 10

Aspect (degrees)
[0 - N; 90 - E; 180 - S; 270 - W]

 97.8 100 360
Soil Moisture Regime (SMR)
[0 - very xeric; 4 - mesic;
8 - hydric] 		6.0 5 8
Modal Nutrient Regime
Class
 Rich
Number of field plots
 species was recorded in:
 16
Modal BEC Zone Class
 IDF

All BEC Zones (# of stations/zone) species was recorded in

 BG(3), CDF(1), IDF(4), PP(3)

Fire Effects Information Database (USDA)
CLIMATE
The climate type for this species, as reported in the "British Columbia plant species codes and selected attributes. Version 5 Database"(Meidinger et al. 2004), is cool temperate & cool mesothermal.

HABITAT/RANGE
Moist to mesic waste places in the lowland and steppe zones; common in SW BC (lower Fraser Valley) infrequent in SC and SE BC; introduced from Eurasia.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of BC
STATUS INFORMATION
Provincial Status:  Unlisted
BC Status (Red Blue List):  Not listed
COSEWIC Status:  Not listed
Origin Status:  exotic or introduced species/naturalized in B.C.

BC Ministry of Environment: BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer, the authoritative source for conservation information in British Columbia.
 
TAXONOMIC AND NOMENCLATURAL INFORMATION
International Plant Names Index
 Taxonomic Information from the Missouri Botanical Garden
 Vascular Plant Type Database, New York Botanical Gardens
 Genetic information (NCBI Taxonomy Database)
ADDITIONAL RANGE AND STATUS INFORMATION
INVASIVE STATUS AND INFORMATION
Invasive Status for Solanum dulcamara: Considered to be a nuisance alien, invasive or noxious species in B.C.


Note: Species currently listed as "invasive" on the E-Flora BC atlas pages come from a comprehensive list of invasive and noxious species for BC compiled by E-Flora BC. Note that a species can be alien to the province but not considered invasive.  Visit E-Flora BC's list of invasive, alien and noxious species in BC for more details.

Please also check the following links for additional information.
Note that not all species are covered in each database.

WeedsUS database
MEDICINAL AND POISONOUS PLANT INFORMATION
Known Organisms Affected: humans, livestock and wildlife known to be affected by toxin in species
 Described Effects: P,C,O
 Degree of Toxicity: causes non-fatal poisoning including dermatitis and phyto-photosensitivity
 Season: unknown when poisonous plant is most dangerous
 Mode of Action: toxin in species acts upon ingestion
 Poisonous Parts: FR,LE
 Toxic Chemicals: A
 Comments: O-rodents, A-solanine,solasodine,soladulcidine, FR-immature berries
The above information is derived from:
Meidinger et al. 2004. British Columbia plant species codes and selected attributes. Version 5 Database.

Please also check the following links for poison information.
Note that not all species are covered in each database.

FDA Poisonous Plant Database
 Native American Ethnobotanical Database
 Plants for a Future--medicinal and edible plants
 Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System
KEY REFERENCES


Please cite these pages as: Author, Date. Page title. In Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2009. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 11/21/2009 4:03:22 AM]
Disclaimer: The information contained in the E-Flora atlas pages is derived from expert sources as cited in each section. This information is scientifically based. E-Flora also acts as a portal to other sites via deep links. As always, users should refer to the original sources for complete information. &E-Flora BC is not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of the original information.
E-Flora BC: An initiative of the Spatial Data Lab, Department of Geography UBC, and the UBC Herbarium.