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Species Information
Summary: Features include tiny bright orange cup-shaped to disc-shaped fruitbodies with cinnamon hairs on the margin and exterior, distinct stem, gregarious occurrence on resinous cankers of 5-needled pines, and microscopic characters. Most Dasyscyphus species in the Pacific Northwest have current names in Lachnum or Lachnellula, but the current name for this one remains Dasyscyphus pini (the online Species Fungorum, and MycoBank, both accessed June 14, 2016).
Collections examined from BC, WA, ID, MT, and MI, and reported from Norway and Sweden, (Hahn).
Upper surface: 0.2-0.4cm across, occasionally 0.5cm, at first spherical, urn-shaped, expanding as a flat disc with a bright orange upper surface which becomes yellow ocher when old; disc surrounded by marginal hairs; when dry the exterior "folds against itself over the center in an elongate fashion concealing the disc" and in large fruitbodies, "the folding may occur from three places on the margin"
Underside: pale cinnamon hairs cover the exterior, when old the hairs may darken to cinnamon-brown
Stem: distinct stem even at an early age
Microscopic: spores 13.0-22.0 x 4.4-7.0 microns, commonly 15-20 x 5-6 microns, elongate elliptic, straight, occasionally pyriform [pear-shaped], with one apex obtuse, the other tapering to a subacute or acute end, uniseriate, "unicellular, commonly becoming bicellular on germination, two or three septa, however, may be laid down"; asci 8-spored, (70)88.4-123.4 x 7.2-11.8 microns; paraphyses 1.5-2 microns wide, of equal diameter without swelling at tip, filamentous, protruding beyond asci, with yellowish oil droplets, septate, branched at base; hairs "simple, elongate, septate with short cells, moderately scabrous with minute roughenings, microscopically pale olive-buff, concolorous, longest hairs filiform, tapering, attenuate with exceedingly slender acuminate apices, 1-2 microns broad, extremities of shorter cylindrical hairs, subacute or obtusely rounded, 3-4 microns wide [using mu symbol for microns]"
Habitat / Range
fruitbodies "separate or aggregate, occurring abundantly on resinous cankers" of 5-needled pines (parasitic on them): Western White Pine (Pinus monticola), Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus), Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis), and in Europe on the 2-needled Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris); in the Pacific Northwest it grows at upper elevations
Similar Species
Lachnellula fuscosanguinea (Rehm) Dennis (=Dasyscyphus fuscosanguineus Rehm) is similar, and D. pini was recombined by Dennis as Lachnellula pini. There is debate about whether the two are one species and whether L. fuscosanguinea occurs in North America. Desjardin(6) reported the latter from California but it is not known whether they distinguish Dasyscyphus pini. They were maintained separately in the online Species Fungorum, accessed June 14, 2016. Hahn(1) regard Dasyscyphus fuscosanguineus as a saprophytic fungus occurring on pine in highlands of central Europe and say that whether it occurs in North America is problematic. According to W.W. Diehl, D. pini differs from D. fuscosanguineus in having definitely branched paraphyses, not thickened at the apex, spores that are often biseptate, and larger asci and spores. (Hahn(1)). Lachnellula arida (W. Phillips) Dennis has smaller spores and asci, and paraphyses with swollen tips, (W.W. Diehl in Hahn(1)).
