E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia

Melissa officinalis L.
lemon balm (common balm)
Lamiaceae (Mint family)

Introduction to Vascular Plants

© Jamie Fenneman  Email the photographer   (Photo ID #10179)

E-Flora BC Static Map
Distribution of Melissa officinalis
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Species Information

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General:
Lemon-scented, perennial herb from a woody rhizome or elongate stem-base and fibrous roots; stems erect, 30-100 cm tall, branched, somewhat hairy and glandular-hairy, 4-angled; cultivated for sweet scent.
Leaves:
Opposite, lower soon deciduous, middle stem leaves egg-shaped, 4-9 cm long, 2.5-5 cm wide, coarsely blunt-toothed, becoming glabrous, stalks more than half as long as blades; uppermost leaves gradually reduced, tapering to shorter stalks.
Flowers:
Inflorescence of several-flowered clusters in leaf axils at upper nodes; flower stalks 2-5 mm long; corollas tubular, white to pinkish, 8-15 mm long, 2-lipped, the upper lip hood-like, notched, the lower lip 3-lobed; calyces 7-9 mm long, 2-lipped, the upper lip shortly 3-toothed, the lower more deeply 2-toothed, the teeth firm, with spine tips, the tube ribbed, long soft-hairy.
Fruits:
Nutlets, 4 clustered together, egg-shaped, smooth.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

Habitat / Range

Mesic to dry disturbed areas in the lowland, steppe and montane zones; rare in SW and SC BC; introduced from Europe.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

Ecology

Ecological Framework for Melissa officinalis

The table below shows the species-specific information calculated from
original data (BEC database) provided by the BC Ministry of Forests and Range.
(Updated August, 2013)

Site Information
Value / Class

Minimum

Average

Maximum

Elevation (metres) 487 487 487
Slope Gradient (%) 0 0 0
Aspect (degrees)
[0 - N; 90 - E; 180 - S; 270 - W]
0
Soil Moisture Regime (SMR)
[0 - very xeric; 4 - mesic;
8 - hydric]
5 5 5
Modal Nutrient Regime
Class
Number of field plots
 species was recorded in:
1
Modal BEC Zone Class
IDF
All BEC Zones (# of stations/zone) species was recorded in: IDF(1)

Climate

The climate type for this species, as reported in the: "British Columbia plant species codes and selected attributes. Version 6 Database" (Meidinger et al. 2008), is not evaluated, unknown or variable.

Synonyms and Alternate Names

Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis

Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Links

Additional Photo Sources

General References