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Species Information
Summary: Features include tiny stemless cups on wood that have a reddish brown hymenial surface and are clothed outside with bright orange to deep red hairs. Under the microscope the hairs have walls encrusted with orange to reddish granules that turn violaceous in KOH. Spores are cylindric to allantoid.
Perrotia flammea is found from PA to MT and CO as well as in Europe (Seaver(1)): it needs further confirmation from the Pacific Northwest, but both Seaver(2) and Dennis(3) considered that the description of the type of Lasiobelonium subflavidum Ellis and Everh. from WA was consistent with Perrotia flammea - Dennis noted that the description on the packet of the type said that the ascospores became 1-3 septate, which was consistent with P. flammea. Collections from northwestern BC are at the Pacific Forestry Centre in Victoria. Haines(1) reported it in his Masters of Science thesis for WA.
Upper surface: reaching a diameter of 0.2cm, at first nearly spherical, with the margin strongly incurved, becoming scutellate [like a round plate or shield], hymenium concave, reddish, much paler than the outside of the fruitbody, (Seaver(1)), 0.1-0.2cm across, hymenium reddish brown, (Hansen, L.(1)), 0.1-0.2cm across, saucer-shaped, disc reddish brown, (Dennis(1)), disc orange-red, slightly concave, completely covered by marginal hairs when dry, (Haines)
Underside: clothed with cinnabar-red hairs which impart to the fruitbody a brick-red color, "varying in old specimens to dark brown", (Seaver(1)), with bright orange to deep red hairs, (Hansen, L.), receptacle concealed by dense coating of cinnabar red hairs, (Dennis(1))
Stem: none (Dennis(1))
Microscopic: spores reaching a length of 20 microns and a width of 3-4 microns, colorless, 2-seriate or irregularly crowded; asci reaching a length of 100 microns and a diameter of 10-12 microns, gradually tapering in lower part; paraphyses rather stout, reaching a thickness of 4 microns; hairs "flexuous, of nearly uniform thickness throughout their entire length", reaching a diameter of 3-6 microns, "sparingly septate, externally densely covered with coarse red granules", (Seaver(1)), spores 10-15 x 2-3 microns, "cylindric to allantoid", aseptate; asci 80-100 x 7-10 microns; paraphyses 1-2.5 microns wide, not exceeding the asci; hairs 50-200 x 4-5 microns, cylindric or slightly tapering, +/- thick-walled, brownish, "with orange granules dissolving and turning violaceous in KOH", (Hansen, L.), spores 10-14 x 2.5-3 microns, cylindric with rounded ends and often somewhat curved, biseriate, becoming 1-septate; asci 8-spored, 80-100 x 7-10 microns, cylindric with rounded tips; paraphyses 2-2.5 microns wide, cylindric, no longer than asci; hairs up to 200 x 4-5 microns, "rather thick-walled, slightly tapering to a rounded tip", "containing a sap which turns purple in potash solution and having the wall encrusted with coarse orange granules", (Dennis(1)), spores 12-15 x 4-5 microns, "broadly allantoid, curved, somewhat thick-walled, clear at first" but later with granular contents "and a single, thin pseudoseptum", "irregularly biseriate in the ascus", (Haines)
Habitat / Range
gregarious or crowded on dead branches and twigs of hardwoods and conifers, (Seaver), on hardwood (Hansen, L. for northern Europe), scattered on dead twigs and branches, as of Corylus, Ligustrum, Prunus, Salix, (Dennis(1)), on decorticated hardwood (Haines)
