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Species Information
Summary: Features include 1) blackish brown to yellowish or reddish brown shelf-like caps, (sometimes the pore surface entirely flat on wood), 2) a marginal zone in the first year that is tomentose and light brown, in succeeding years becoming blackish, distinct, and wider, 3) small cinnamon pores, 4) black layers in the context, and 5) microscopic characters including setae and distinctive carrot-shaped spores.
Phellopilus nigrolimitatus has been found in BC, WA, OR, ID, AB, AK, AZ, CA, CO, MT, NM, UT, and WY, (Gilbertson). It also occurs in Europe (Breitenbach).
Cap: shelf-like cap bent outward from pore surface growing flat on wood, or entirely flat on wood, caps irregular in shape, more or less elongated, 5cm x 10cm x 4cm, "upper surface blackish brown to yellowish or reddish brown, finely tomentose to bald, very irregular, often soft and spongy"; margin up to 0.3cm, colored as pore surface or sometimes lighter, (Gilbertson), growing flat on wood, more rarely shelf-like, with upper surface dark red-brown to black, concentrically undulating, verrucose, tuberculate; marginal zone of 1 year old pore surface sterile, tomentose, light brown, blackish brown in those several years old, marginal zone becomes increasingly broad and sharply bounded as each subsequent pore surface smaller in extent, (Breitenbach)
Flesh: up to 1cm thick, corky to soft-fibrous, "dark yellowish brown, with one or more thin black layers that appear as black lines in longitudinal sections, often zonate", (Gilbertson), up to 0.5cm thick, corky, fragile, light in weight when dry; red-brown to rust-brown, with a black-brown undulating line in cross-section, (Breitenbach)
Pores: 5-7 per mm, circular to angular, sometimes daedaloid [maze-like] in parts; thick-walled; cinnamon; smooth; tube layers indistinct, each layer up to 0.2cm thick, lighter brown than flesh, (Gilbertson), 5-6 per mm, rounded, gray-brown to chestnut brown or red-brown; tube layers up to 0.5cm thick, total up to 2cm with barely visible layering, (Breitenbach)
Microscopic: spores 7-10 x 2-2.5 microns, cylindric, straight, tapering toward the apex, ("carrot-shaped"), smooth, inamyloid, colorless; basidia 4-spored, 10-12 x 5-6.5 microns, broadly clavate, simple-septate at base; setae abundant, 25-37 x 6.5-8.5 microns, subulate [awl-shaped] to ventricose, straight, dark brown in KOH, thick-walled; hyphae 2.5-6 microns wide, brown to pale yellow or almost colorless in KOH, thick-walled or thin-walled, with frequent branching, simple-septate; "black layers about 20-80 microns thick, composed of very closely interwoven and agglutinated hyphae"; hyphae of trama similar to those of lower context, (Gilbertson), spores 5.5-6.5 x 1.8-2.5 microns, cylindric with laterally spurred apiculus, smooth, inamyloid, colorless; setae 25-30 x 6-7 microns, with bent base, thick-walled, exserted beyond hymenium, (Breitenbach)
Habitat / Range
perennial, on conifers, especially Picea (spruce), associated with white pocket rot of conifer logs, and also a butt rot of living trees, the rot being distinctive because of the large size of the pockets (up to 2.5cm long) with firm wood between, (Gilbertson), single to gregarious, on very rotten wood of Picea (spruce), usually on the underside of fallen trunks, and other conifers, also on wood used in construction, (Breitenbach)
