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Species Information
Summary: Ramaria gelatinosa var. oregonensis is the most gelatinous Ramaria reported from the Pacific Northwest. The base flesh shows translucent often gelatinous pockets or streaks when the base is cut lengthwise. Numerous branch systems emerge from a wrinkled compound basal mass that is colored white, light yellow, or light orange or combinations of these. The branches are mostly erect and nearly parallel, colored orange to orange-brown sometimes aging grayish violet. The tips are the same color as the branches or paler. Microscopic characters include spores coarsely ornamented with lobed cyanophilic warts, collapsing basidia with cyanophilic granules, and gelatinized hyphae in the stem (with crystalloid clusters) and to a lesser extent in the branches.
It is found in WA and OR, (Marr). It is common in the fall in the Pacific Northwest and northern CA, (Arora). There are collections also for ID and AK at the University of Washington and there are collections from BC at the University of British Columbia.
Fruiting body: usually of medium size, broad, 5-12cm wide, 8-15cm high, base compound, characteristically numerous branch systems arising at approximately the same level from the basal mass, "maturing centrifugally, branching up to 7 times from the base, nodes commonly but not always dichotomous, axils subacute to U-shaped, branches nearly parallel, sometimes slightly flattened", internodes decreasing in length upwards, maximum length about 4cm, mostly 1cm or less wide, bifid or finely divided near tips, tips narrowly rounded, (Marr), 5-15cm wide, 5-15cm high, profusely branched from a fleshy base, branches mostly erect and smooth, (Arora)
Flesh: stiffly gelatinous; translucent, pale dull orange, (Scates-Barnhart), gelatinous, the base resembling stiff agar when fresh, (drying hard and brittle); translucent, a shade lighter than ''grayish orange'', (Marr)
Branch color: light orange, but becoming darker or duller when old and sometimes developing a dingy violet cast, tips the same color as branches or paler, (Scates-Barnhart), orange, orange-brown, aging grayish violet: at first ''light orange'' developing darker shades when old such as ''grayish orange'', ''Pompeian yellow'', or ''agate brown'', sometimes with a definite ''violet gray'' cast, tips nearly the same color as branches or distinctly paler, (Marr), "orange to pinkish-orange to orange-buff, pinkish-brown, or occasionally yellow-orange", sometimes developing a faint purple-gray tinge when old, (Arora)
Stem: 4-7cm x 3-8cm, compound, broad, "consisting of a wrinkled, gelatinous mass of fused axes, in longitudinal section the component parts delimited by convoluted hymenial surfaces, base surface covered with a thin white tomentum"; base of fresh fruitbody with areas of white, ''light yellow'', and ''light orange'', any one of these colors may predominate, (Marr), lacking yellow bellyband, base variably white, light yellow or light orange, (Scates-Barnhart)
Chemical Reactions: stem flesh inamyloid (Marr), ferric sulphate in water negative with stem flesh (Exeter)
Odor: musty sweet (Marr), unpleasant (Miller)
Taste: not distinctive (Marr), often bitter (Arora), mild (Scates-Barnhart, Miller)
Microscopic: spores 7-10 x 4.5-6 microns, average 8.9 x 5.1 microns, broadly ovoid to broadly cylindric, coarsely ornamented with lobed, cyanophilic warts, with prominent lateral apiculus up to 2 x 2 microns; basidia mostly 4-spored, sometimes 2-spored, 43-65 x 5.5-11 microns, clavate, collapsing soon after spore release, cyanophilic granules especially abundant in collapsed basidia, basally clamped, sterigmata 5-7 microns; hymenium and subhymenium combined 80-100 microns thick; subhymenial hyphae 2-4 microns wide, interwoven, thin-walled; contextual hyphae of the stem "almost completely gelatinized, very little structure distinguishable, crystalloid clusters prominent in the gelatinous mass, hyphae of the branches less gelatinized, structural details best defined nearest the branch surface, parallel to subparallel", cells non-inflated or slightly so, 4-11 microns wide, walls smooth, often poorly delimited, those not highly gelatinized mostly thin-walled, faintly cyanophilic, cells of the branches frequently vesicular near septa, 9-16 microns wide, walls of the swellings smooth to moderately ornamented; clamp connections present, sometimes of the keyhole type; gloeoplerous hyphae rare, mostly 3-3.5 microns wide, (Marr)
Spore Deposit: golden yellow'' (Marr), golden yellow (Phillips), light buff to orange-buff (Miller)
Habitat / Range
widely scattered to gregarious in duff under conifers - Tsuga (hemlock), Abies (fir) etc., (Arora), terrestrial, under Tsuga heterophylla (Western Hemlock), September and October, (Marr), on ground in old coniferous forests, often under Tsuga heterophylla, late summer and fall, (Scates-Barnhart), September to November (Phillips)
Similar Species
Other distinctly gelatinous species in the Pacific Northwest are Ramaria flavigelatinosa, Ramaria gelatiniaurantia, Ramaria sandaracina var. chondrobasis, and Ramaria cystidiophora var. fabiolens: the first two lack clamp connections, and the last two have more finely ornamented, narrower spores, (Marr). Ramaria gelatinosa var. gelatinosa (eastern North America including North Carolina and Nova Scotia) is characterized by pallid salmon branches with yellow tips, wide, obviously roughened spores, and agglutinated, clamped tramal hyphae, (Petersen(12)). R. gelatinosa var. gelatinosa differs in color, according to Coker having creamy white branches when young that mature buff-pink and age to fleshy brown: similar features include spores morphology, hyphae with the same types of clamp connections, crystalloid deposits in the context, and basidia with cyanophilic protoplasm, (Marr). See also SIMILAR section of Ramaria testaceoflava.
Marr(1) (colors in single quotation marks from Kornerup(2)), Trudell(4)*, Phillips(1)*, Ammirati(1)*, Miller(14)*, Arora(1), Scates-Barnhart(1), Petersen(12) (discussing Ramaria gelatinosa var. gelatinosa), Exeter(3)* References for the fungi