E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia

Salix nivalis Hook.
dwarf snow willow (snow willow)
Salicaceae (Willow family)

Introduction to Vascular Plants

© Jamie Fenneman  Email the photographer   (Photo ID #25466)

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Distribution of Salix nivalis
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Species Information

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General:
Dwarf shrubs, 1-4 cm tall, forming rhizomatous mats; branches erect, flexible at base; twigs yellow- to red-brown, smooth or sparsely hairy.
Leaves:
Alternate, simple, elliptic to broadly elliptic, 6-22 mm long, 4-15 mm wide, lower surface glaucous, smooth, upper surface shiny, smooth, margins entire, bases pointed to rounded, tips pointed, rounded, or notched; leaf stalks without glandular dots at top; stipules absent.
Flowers:
Unisexual, lacking sepals and petals, borne in catkins which flower as leaves emerge, the catkins stout, on leafy twigs; floral bracts pale, smooth; stamens 2; ovaries 1, hairy; styles 0.2-0.4 mm long.
Fruits:
Capsules which split open to release the seeds, each of which is surrounded by a tuft of hairs; stalks 0-0.8 mm long.
Notes:
This species was previously treated as a subspecies of S. reticulata, but because the area of overlap between the two is small and evidence of intergradation between them is tenuous, it is now treated a separate species. The catkins are borne on flowering twigs that are as long as normal vegetative twigs.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

Habitat / Range

Moist meadows, rocky slopes and fellfields in the alpine zone; common in S BC and E of the Coast-Cascade Mountains; E to AB and S to CO, UT, NV and CA.

Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

Ecology

Ecological Framework for Salix nivalis

The table below shows the species-specific information calculated from
original data (BEC database) provided by the BC Ministry of Forests and Range.
(Updated August, 2013)

Site Information
Value / Class

Minimum

Average

Maximum

Elevation (metres) 1170 2131 2680
Slope Gradient (%) 0 23 235
Aspect (degrees)
[0 - N; 90 - E; 180 - S; 270 - W]
0 257 360
Soil Moisture Regime (SMR)
[0 - very xeric; 4 - mesic;
8 - hydric]
0 2 8
Modal Nutrient Regime
Class
C
Number of field plots
 species was recorded in:
390
Modal BEC Zone Class
AT
All BEC Zones (# of stations/zone) species was recorded in: AT(114), BAFA(84), ESSF(103), ICH(1), IMA(58), MS(7), SBS(1)

Climate

The climate type for this species, as reported in the: "British Columbia plant species codes and selected attributes. Version 6 Database" (Meidinger et al. 2008), is not evaluated, unknown or variable.

Synonyms and Alternate Names

Salix nivalis var. saximontana (Rydb.) Schneid.
Salix reticulata subsp. nivalis (Hook.) A. L÷ve & D. L÷ve & Kapoor
Salix reticulata var. nana (Hook.) Anderss.
Salix reticulata var. nivalis (Hook.) Anderss.
Salix reticulata var. saximontana (Rydb.) L. Kelso
Salix saximontana Rydb.
Salix venusta Anderss.
Salix vestita var. nana Hook.

Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Links

Additional Photo Sources

General References