General: Fronds annual, free-floating, round to egg-shaped, (3) 5-10 mm long, purplish beneath, stalked, in single or small groups, 5- to 11-nerved, with 5 to 15 rootlets.
Flowers: Usually 3 per pouch, 2 male, 1 female, enclosed in 2 lateral budding pouches sheathed by a minute membrane.
Ponds and slow-moving streams in the lowland, steppe and montane zones; frequent in SW and SC BC, infrequent elsewhere except absent on N Vancouver Island, the Queen Charlotte Islands and NW BC; circumpolar, E to PQ and NS and S to FL, MS, TX, NM, AZ, CA and MX; Eurasia, S America.
The table below shows the species-specific information calculated from original data (BEC database) provided by the BC Ministry of Forests and Range. (Updated August, 2013)
