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Species Information
Summary: {See also Xeromphalina Table.} Features include 1) small size, 2) a dry cap that is fulvous to sienna brown or ochraceous-tawny, sometimes with a red-brown umbo and pale yellow margin, 3) narrow pallid to straw-colored gills that are adnate or with a decurrent tooth, 4) a dry stem that is honey to buff at the top and dark red-brown to blackish in its lower part, the stem base with cinnamon mycelium, 5) bitter taste, and 6) growth on conifer wood. The description is derived from Redhead(2).
Xeromphalina campanelloides has been found at least in BC, WA, QC, and NY, (Redhead(2)).
Cap: 0.35-1.2cm across, convex, obtuse to subumbonate [somewhat umbonate], with incurved margin at first; fulvous to sienna brown or "ochraceous-tawny", sometimes with dark brick-colored umbo and pale luteous [pale yellow] or "maize yellow" margins; dry, frosted yellow, margin obscurely translucent-striate
Flesh: colored as cap
Gills: adnate with short decurrent tooth or arcuate, moderately spaced, narrow, with 2 tiers of sub-gills; pallid to straw-colored
Stem: 1.6-3cm x 0.07-0.1cm, narrowing downward and slightly curved, honey to buff at top, fulvous to umber centrally, and dark brick-colored to blackish in lower part; finely powdered overall, cinnamon-colored mycelium at base, associated with dark brick-colored rhizomorphs in the wood
Odor: not distinctive
Taste: bitter
Microscopic spores: spores 4.5-5 x 3-4.8 microns, nearly round to broadly elliptic, smooth, amyloid, colorless, thin-walled; basidia 4-spored, 25-28 x 5-5.5 microns, narrowly clavate, colorless; cheilocystidia 25-32 x 3.5-4 microns, narrowly cylindric, colorless, thin-walled, refringent, usually with 2-5 finger-like processes at top; cap trama duplex, the subpellis about 50 microns thick, composed of hyphae (3)8-14 microns wide, with subgelatinized walls, incrusted with red to reddish brown pigments in KOH, this subtended by a layer of more filamentous hyphae (3)4-9 microns wide, with non-gelatinized walls, incrusted with reddish pigments in KOH; cap cuticle a thin layer of smooth, thin-walled hyphae that are colorless in KOH or water, mostly 4-6 microns wide, "on some basidiomes giving rise to diverticulate ends over the entire surface, on others only a sparse layer, marginally giving rise to thin-walled, diverticulate cystidia or cystidioform ends"; stem cuticle hyphae 4-5 microns wide, filamentous, colorless in the apical region, smooth, thick walled, "with thickened reddish brown walls lower down", "bearing scattered caulocystidia apically, and hairs on lower portions"; caulocystidia 45-60 x 10-12 microns, "irregularly shaped, thin walled to only slightly thickened, inflated apically, often obscurely angular, obtusely lobed, often a few subcircinate, golden yellow in water, yellow to pale reddish brown in KOH, very conspicuous against the hyaline stipitipellis hyphae in scalp sections of the stipe apex"; clamp connections present
Spore deposit: [presumably pale]
Habitat / Range
coniferous wood
Similar Species
Xeromphalina campanella is similar but X. campanelloides has different gill attachment, bitter taste, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores, yellow granules in stem flesh that turn red in KOH and caulocystidia that are irregular in shape, (Redhead). Xeromphalina cauticinalis ssp. cauticinalis is similar but X. campanelloides has a relatively short, curved stem and thin-walled, inflated caulocystidia, and (unlike most fruitbodies of X. cauticinalis ssp. cauticinalis) yellow granules in the medulla of the stem that turn reddish in KOH, (Redhead). Xeromphalina brunneola has decurrent gill attachment and longer, narrower spores. Xeromphalina fulvipes has adnate gills, habitat on conifer debris, and narrower spores. Xeromphalina cornui has decurrent to arcuate-decurrent gills, a mild taste, habitat on conifer debris or in sphagnum bogs, and longer spores. Xeromphalina cirris has mild taste, habitat on conifer needles, usually in the mountains, and longer spores. Xeromphalina parvibulbosa has gills that are arcuate to adnate with a short tooth to short-decurrent, a mild to astringent or bitter taste, habitat on conifer debris, and longer spores.
