General:
Annual herb from a taproot; stems erect, 15-70 cm tall, branched when well developed, 4-angled, bristly-hairy, also with well-distributed red- or yellow-tipped glandular-hairs.

Leaves:
Opposite, egg-shaped to lanceolate, 3-10 cm long, 1-5 cm wide, blunt-toothed, tips pointed, bases rounded or wedge-shaped, stiff-hairy; stalked.

Flowers:
Inflorescence of several dense axillary flower clusters, subtended by upper leaves; corollas tubular, purple, pink, white or pale yellow with dark markings, 13-14 mm long, the upper lip arched and entire, the lower 3-lobed, spreading, the middle lobe convex, deeply notched, bearing 2 nipple-like protuberences on the upper side near base, its network of dark markings reaching the margins or the whole lip dark; calyces about 1 cm long at flowering, somewhat larger in fruit, the erect spine-tipped teeth about equaling tube, the tube strongly 5-ribbed, hairy within; stamens 4, anthers hairy.

Fruits:
Nutlets, 4 clustered together, egg-shaped, 3-4 mm long, smooth.

Notes:
Probably originated by hybridization and polyploidy, similar to Galeopsis tetrahit.

Source:  The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia

If more than one illustration is available for a species (e.g., separate illustrations were provided for two subspecies) then links to the separate images will be provided below. Note that individual subspecies or varietal illustrations are not always available.

Illustration Source:  The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia