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Phyciodes cocyta Hübner, [1819]
Crescents; Pearl Crescent
Family: Nymphalidae (Brushfoots)
Species account authors: Crispin Guppy and Jon Shepard.
Extracted from Butterflies of British Columbia.
Introduction to the Butterflies of BC
The Families of Lepidoptera of BC

Photograph

© Norbert Kondla     (Photo ID #8082)

Map

Click on map to view a larger version of this map.
Distribution of Phyciodes cocyta in British Columbia.
(Click on the map to view a larger version.)
Source: Butterflies of British Columbia by Crispin Guppy and Jon Shepard © Royal BC Museum

Species Information


Adult

Similar to the Tawny Crescent, as discussed under that species. There has been extreme confusion in the literature as to the correct species name for this species and whether it is one or two species. Most of the arguments for two species emphasize that the southern forms are multivoltine and the northern ones univoltine. East of the Continental Divide there appear to be corresponding wing pattern differences. In BC the southern, multivoltine populations are more similar to the eastern univoltine populations. A recent paper by Porter and Mueller (1998) shows that the two behave as one species and suggests that the conservative approach of recognizing one species be adapted. For this book we take that approach but realize that the question is far from resolved. No matter what the outcome, no one has ever suggested that BC populations represent more than one species.

Immature Stages

The eggs are pale green and are laid in a cluster on the larval foodplant (Bird et al. 1995). The larva is chocolate brown with cream markings. The pupae are cream with brown streaks.

Subspecies

The northern subspecies, the Northern Pearl Crescent, P.t. cocyta (Cramer, [1777]) (TL: Cape Breton, NS), occurs in northern BC. In the south the Pasco Crescent, P.t. pascoensis Wright, 1905 (TL: Pasco, WA) is found. The subspecies are weakly differentiated.

Genus Description


The name Phyciodes may come from the Greek phykos (painted or "covered with cosmetics"), in reference to the complex ventral wing pattern. The common name "crescents" (Gosse 1840) refers to the crescent-shaped spot in the centre of the ventral hindwing margin.

Phyciodes in the limited sense used here is separated from the Neotropical genera Anthanassa Scudder and Eresis Boisduval by the presence of two to four in-curved hooks on the posterior tip of the tegumen of the male genitalia. The saccus is present in the male genitalia. The genus is Nearctic and contains nine species. The larvae of BC species feed on asters (Aster) or thistles (Cirsium).

Biology


The Pearl Crescent is univoltine in the Peace River area but at least bivoltine across the Southern Interior and the Kootenays. The larvae feed on asters.

Habitat


The Pearl Crescent is found east of the Cascade and Coast ranges throughout BC, except the area north and west from the Nass River. The habitat varies from old fields to native meadows and mature aspen woodland, but always in mesic situations.

Distribution

Distribution

The Pearl Crescent ranges from the YT east to NF and south to CO and the southeastern USA.

Status Information

Scientific NameOrigin StatusProvincial StatusBC List
(Red Blue List)
COSEWIC
Phyciodes cocytaNativeS5YellowNot Listed
Phyciodes cocyta cocytaNativeS5YellowNot Listed
Phyciodes cocyta pascoensisNativeS5YellowNot Listed



BC Ministry of Environment: BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer--the authoritative source for conservation information in British Columbia.

Additional Range and Status Information Links

General References