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Polygonia progne Hübner, [1819]
Anglewings; Grey Comma
Family: Nymphalidae (Brushfoots)
Species account authors: Crispin Guppy and Jon Shepard.
Extracted from Butterflies of British Columbia.
Introduction to the Butterflies of BC
The Families of Lepidoptera of BC

Photograph

© Ian Gardiner     (Photo ID #6020)

Map

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Distribution of Polygonia progne in British Columbia.
(Click on the map to view a larger version.)
Source: Butterflies of British Columbia by Crispin Guppy and Jon Shepard © Royal BC Museum

Species Information


Adult

The Grey Comma is more brightly orange brown on the upperside than any of the other anglewings, and as a result can be recognized in flight. The underside of the wings is grey brown and tan. The ventral hindwing "comma" is very faint, and the base of the ventral wings is very dark. The ventral forewing has a pale tan central band.

Immature Stages

Eggs are green and conical. Mature larvae are buff-coloured, with black and pale buff stripes across the back of each segment. There is a V-shaped reddish mark around the base of each of the spines down the middle of the back, a reddish bar at an angle in front of each of the dorsolateral spines, and a reddish patch at the base of each lateral spine. The spines down the back are white with reddish yellow bases, the dorsolateral spines are mostly white (black near the front and at the rear), the lateral spines are black with reddish yellow bases, and the ventrolateral spines are white with yellow bases. The black spiracles are surrounded with reddish yellow ovals. The head is black with reddish yellow markings and two spiny horns. Pupae have dull green heads, the wings are pinkish white, with a broad pale band across them, and a darker green stripe occurs down each side of the abdomen; the remaining areas are mottled pinkish brown, other than a pink stripe down the back of the abdomen and some oblique pink lines on the side of the abdomen. Both larval and pupal colours are highly variable (Edwards 1880).

Subspecies

None. The type locality of the species is New York. Some authors consider the Oreas Anglewing to be a subspecies of the Grey Comma because of the similarity of the underside of the hindwings, because the distributions are complementary, and because they use the same larval foodplants. The dorsal wing pattern is very distinctly different, however, and both species occur together near Quesnel, BC, in Guppy's front yard.

Genus Description


The name Polygonia comes from the Greek polygonos (many-angled), and it is very appropriate as the wings of these insects are adorned with many indentations that produce an almost ragged appearance. The common name was first used by Holland (1898) in reference to the Latin name and the many angles along the edge of the wings.

Anglewings are generally medium-sized butterflies. The wings are orange brown with black markings on the upperside, and bark- or leaf-patterned on the underside. The edges of the wings are ragged in appearance. Males and females usually have quite different patterns on the underside of the wings, with the female pattern being plainer. There are about 15 species worldwide.

Eggs are laid singly on the underside of leaves of the foodplants. The eggs are cream in colour, later turning dark as the larva matures inside. Mature larvae are variably coloured but usually resemble bird droppings; they have numerous branching spines. Anglewing adults hibernate in sheltered areas such as hollow trees or stumps, debris piles, house crawl spaces, or barns.

Biology


Grey Commas are univoltine in BC, although they are reportedly bivoltine elsewhere in North America (Layberry et al. 1998); the adults hibernate. Larvae feed exposed on the leaf bottom or side, or on the leaf petiole. Mature larvae rest with the front part of the body arched and turned at a right angle to the rest of the body, and with the last three segments of the abdomen angled upward into the air. Only the middle prolegs are used to grasp the leaf. When disturbed, the larvae flail their heads and tails. Eggs and larvae have been found on wild gooseberry (Ribes rotundifolium) and elm (Ulmus) in eastern North America, and have been a pest on cultivated currants in Illinois and Ontario (Edwards 1880; Scudder 1889a). Adults feed on poplar tree sap in the fall (CSG).

Habitat


Grey Commas occur in forest openings and riparian areas in central and northeastern BC.

Distribution

Distribution

Grey Commas occur from central and northeastern BC east across boreal Canada to NF, and south to the central USA east of the Rockies.

Status Information

Origin StatusProvincial StatusBC List
(Red Blue List)
COSEWIC
NativeS5YellowNot Listed



BC Ministry of Environment: BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer--the authoritative source for conservation information in British Columbia.

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