Mapping Species Distributions

BIBLIOGRAPHY ON TRANSPLANTATION
AS A CONSERVATION MEASURE

compiled by
Dianne Fahselt
Acting Chair, Conservation Committee
Canadian Botanical Association

Transplantation as a conservation measure to protect rare or endangered plant species is not widely accepted. Habitat protection is viewed as the best method of conservation. The Canadian Botanical Association (CBA/ABC) has established a position paper on transplantation (read abstract of a recent paper on transplantation as a conservation measure).

As part of this process, a list of references has been compiled that discuss successes and failures of transplants, including both journal papers and the gray literature. Contributions to the list are welcome. This list is being compiled as a means of continued evaluation of the potential for successfully transplanting rare species of vascular plants. Success may be defined in many ways, but we consider that successful transplants are those 1) that survive being moved and reproduce afterward, 2) in which new individuals are recruited into populations, 3) and where population sizes stabilize, or reach sustainable levels, and persist for many years. If you contribute references to the list, please note which papers or reports meet these criteria.

For further information, contact Dianne Fahselt, Chair, CBA Conservation Committee. Additions to the list should be sent to carex@telus.net

Allen, W.H. 1994. Re-introduction of endangered plants. Bioscience 44: 65-69.

Angert, A. L.; Schemske, D. W. 2005. The evolution of species' distributions: reciprocal transplants across the elevation ranges of Mimulus cardinalis and M. Lewisii. Evolution 59: 1671-1684.

Berg, K.S. 1996. Rare plant mitigation: a policy perspective. In D.A. Falk, C.I. Millar & M. Oldwell. Restoring Diversity. Strategies for Reintroduction of Endangered Plants. Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 279-292.

Bergelson, J. (1990). Life after death-site pre-emption by the remains of Poa annua. Ecology, 71, 2157-2165.

Bullock, J.M. 1998. Community translocation in Britain: Setting objectives and measuring consequences. Biological Conservation 6: 166-174.

Davy, A. J. 2002 . Establishment and manipulation of plant populations and communities in terrestrial systems. In M.R. Perrow & A.J. Davy (eds.) Handbook of Ecological Restoration. Vol. 1. Principles of Restoration. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp. 223-241.

Fahselt, D. 1988. The dangers of transplantation as a conservation technique. Natural Areas Journal 8: 238- 244.

Franklin, J.F., Frenzen, P.M. & Swanson, F.J. 1995. Recreation of ecosystems at Mount St. Helens: Contrasts in artificial and natural approaches.  In J. Cairns (ed.) Rehabilitating Damaged Ecosystems. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton. pp. 287- 333.

Gordon, D.R. 1996. Experimental translocation of the endangered shrub Apalachicola rosemary Conradina glabra to the Apalachicola Bluffs and Ravines Preserve, Florida. Biological Conservation 77: 19-26.

Gordon, D.R. &  Rice, K.J. 1998. Patterns of differentiation in wiregrass (Aristida beyrichiana): Implications for restoration efforts. Restoration Ecology 6: 166-174.

Harris, J.A., Birch, P. & Palmer, J.P. 1996. Land Restoration and Reclamation: Principles and Practice. Addison Wesley Longman Limited, Essex, England. 230 pp.

Howald, A.M.1996. Translocation as a mitigation strategy: Lessons from California. In D.A. Falk, C.I. Millar & M. Oldwell (eds.) Restoring Diversity. Strategies for Reintroduction of Endangered Plants. Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 293-329.

Hubbard, L., Ertter, B., Dennis, A. & Baskin, C. 2001. Statement opposing transplantation as mitigation for impacts to rare plants. Fremontia 29: 66-67.

Jones, M. 2001. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; Proposed rule to remove Potentilla robbinsiana (Robbins’ cinquefoil) from the endangered and threatened plant list. Federal Register Environmental Documents 66: 30860-30866.

Kaye, T.N. 2002.  Reintroducing the endangered Pink Sand-verbena to Pacific Coast beaches: Direct seeding and out-planting. In M.B. Brooks, S.K. Carothers & T. LaBanca (eds.) The Ecology and Management of Rare Plants of Northwestern California: Proceedings from Symposium North Coast Chapter California Native Plant Society. pp. 131-140.

Kluse, J; Doak, DF. 1999. Demographic Performance of a Rare California Endemic, Chorizanthepungens var. hartwegiana (Polygonaceae). American Midland Naturalist 142: 244-256.

Lofflin, D.L. & Kephart, S.R. 2005. Outbreeding, seedling establishment, and maladaptation in natural and re-introduced populations of rare and common Silene douglasii (Caryophyllaceae). American Journal of Botany 92: 1691-1700.

Mashinski, J., Frye, R. & Rutman, S. (1997). Demography and population viability of an endangered plant species before and after protection from trampling. Conserv. Biol, 11, 990-999.

Mehrhoff, L.A. 1996. Reintroducing endangered Hawaiian plants. In D.A. Falk, C.I. Millar & M. Oldwell. Restoring Diversity. Strategies for Reintroduction of Endangered Plants. Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp.101-155.

Pavlik, B.M. 1996. Defining and measuring success. In D.A. Falk, C.I. Millar & M. Oldwell (eds.) Restoring Diversity. Strategies for Reintroduction of Endangered Plants. Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 127-155.

Pavlik, B.M., Ferguson, N. & Nelson, M. (1993). Assessing the limitations on the growth of endangered plant populations II. Experimental demography of Erysimum capitatum ssp. angustatum and Oenothera deltoides ssp. howelii. Biol. Conserv, 65, 267-278

Pavlik, B.M. & Manning, E. (1993). Assessing the limitations on the growth of endangered plant populations I. Experimental demography of Erysimum capitatum ssp. angustatum and Oenothera deltoides ssp. howelii. Biol. Conserv, 65, 257-26.

Pavlik, B.M., Nickrent, D.L. & Howard, A.M. (1993). The recovery of an endangered plant: I. Creating a new population of Amsinckia grandiflora. Conserv. Biol, 7, 510-526.

Schemske, D.W., Husband, B.C., Ruckelshaus, M.H., Goodwillie, C., Parker, I.M. & Bishop, J.G. (1994). Evaluating approaches to the conservation of rare and endangered plants. Ecology, 75, 584-606.

Sinclair, A., & Catling, P. 2003. Restoration of Hydrastis canadensis by transplanting with disturbance simulation: results of one growing season. Restoration Ecology 11: 217- 222

Sperry, T.M. 1994.  The Curtis Prairie restoration, using the single-species planting method. Natural Areas Journal 14: 124-127.

Vasseur, L. & D. Gagnon. 1994. Factors controlling the survival and growth of transplants of the understory herb Allium tricoccum at the northern limit of its distribution. Biol. Conserv. 68: 107-114.